HUBUNGAN KEPATUHAN DIIT DAN PEMBATASAN CAIRAN DENGAN KOMPLIKASI INTRA HEMODIALISIS DI RUANG HEMODIALISIS RSU HAJI SURABAYA

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Klien Gagal Ginjal Kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis harus dihadapkan dengan berbagai masalah berupa komplikasi pada saat intra hemodialisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan diit dan pembatasan cairan terhadap kejadian komplikasi intra hemodialisis pada klien penyakit  ginjal kronik. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional . 30 klien GGK yang sedang menjalani hemodialysis di RSU Haji Surabaya  dipilih secara aksidental sampling. Variabel independen yaitu kepatuhan diit (protein, kalium, natrium, dan karbohidrat) dan pembatasan cairan. dan variabel dependen ialah kejadian komplikasi intra hemodialisis. Pengumpulan data meliputi pengukuran tekanan darah sebelum dan saat dilakukan terapi hemodialisis, lembar food recall untuk menilai kepatuhan diit dan pembatasan cairan, lembar observasi untuk komplikasi intra hemodialisis yang terjadi.  Data yang telah di peroleh akan di kategorikan berdasarkan hasil ukur. Untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan diet dan kejadian komplikasi intradialisis dilakukan uji statistik chi square dengan tingkat kesalahan 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kepatuhan klien terhadap diet adalah 53,3 % tidak patuh diit protein; 60% tidak patuh  diit natrium, 53,3% tidak patuh diit kalium; 63,3% tidak patuh diit karbohidrat, 63,3% tidak patuh pembatasan cairan. 66,7% klien mengalami komplikasi intradialisis dan 33,3% tidak terjadi komplikasi. Terdapat hubungan antara kepatuhan diit protein (p=0,01), kalium (p=0,04), natrium (p=0,01) dan pembatasan cairan (p=0,01) dengan kejadian komplikasi intra hemodialisis, dimana kepatuhan klien terhadap  diet protein, kalium, natrium dan pembatasan cairan mengurangi kejadian komplikasi intradialisis.  Perlu peningkatan kepatuhan klien GGK yang menjalani hemodialysis terhadap diit dan pembatasan cairan melalui edukasi oleh petugas kesehatan untuk mengurangi komplikasi intradialisis.

Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan, Diit, Pembatasan Cairan, Intra Hemodialisis, Penyakit Ginjal Kronik.

RELATIONSHIP OF DIIT COMPLIANCE AND FLUID RESTRICTION WITH INTRA HEMODIALYSIS COMPLICATIONS IN THE HEMODIALIST ROOM RSU HAJI SURABAYA

ABSTRACT

Clients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis must be faced with various problems in the form of complications during intra hemodialysis. This study aims to analyze the relationship between diet and fluid restriction on the incidence of intra-hemodialysis complications in clients with chronic kidney disease. This research is a descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional approach. 30 GGK clients who were undergoing hemodialysis at RSU Haji Surabaya were selected by accidental sampling. The independent variables were dietary compliance (protein, potassium, sodium, and carbohydrates) and fluid restriction. and the dependent variable is the incidence of intra hemodialysis complications. Data collection includes measurement of blood pressure before and during hemodialysis therapy, food recall sheets to assess dietary compliance and fluid restriction, observation sheets for intra hemodialysis complications that occur. The data that has been obtained will be categorized based on measurement results. To determine the relationship between dietary adherence and the incidence of intradialysis complications, a chi square statistical test was performed with an error rate of 0.05. The results of this study indicated that the client's adherence to diet was 53.3% non-adherent to protein diet; 60% sodium diite non-adherence, 53.3% potassium diite non-adherence; 63.3% were not adherent to carbohydrate diet, 63.3% were not adherent to fluid restrictions. 66.7% of clients had complications intradialysis and 33.3% had no complications. There is a relationship between protein diet compliance (p = 0.01), potassium (p = 0.04), sodium (p = 0.01) and fluid restriction (p = 0.01) with the incidence of intra-hemodialysis complications, where client compliance dietary protein, potassium, sodium and fluid restriction reduces the incidence of intradialysis complications. It is necessary to increase the adherence of CRF clients who undergo hemodialysis to diet and fluid restriction through education by health workers to reduce intradialysis complications.

Keywords: Compliance, Diit, Fluid Restriction, Intra Hemodialysis, Chronic Kidney Disease