PERAN ZINC TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SISTEM IMMUNITAS THE ROLE OF ZINC TO INCREASE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

Abstract

Seng (ZinC) merupakan trace element penting yang terlibat dalam fungsi lebih dari 300 enzim dan protein dalam tubuh manusia. Seng berperan dalam fungsi metabolik yang luas yaitu transkripsi DNA, sintesis protein, enzim katalitik, reseptor hormon, dan stabilisasi membran sel. Peran biologik seng selalu dalam bentuk kation bivalen dan tidak mengalami reduksi serta oksigenasi dalam kondisi fisiologis, sehingga seng merupakan komponen stabil dari kompleks protein. Seng mempunyai peranan penting terhadap fungsi imun. Percobaan mengenai defisiensi seng dapat mempengaruhi imunitas telah dilakukan pada manusia ataupun binatang, seng berperan penting terhadap peningkatan system imunitas.  Seng merupakan mediator yang penting dari host dalam mekanisme pertahanan terhadap infeksi. Defisiensi seng berat dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan pada sel epidermal yang mengakibatkan lesi kulit yang khas dikenal dengan acrodermatitis enteropathic, kerusakan pada lapisan pembatas pada saluran cerna dan saluran nafas.  Selain itu defisiensi dapat mempengaruhi mediator immun non spesifik. Defisiensi seng berkaitan dengan morbiditas diare, infeksi saluran pernafasan dan malaria serta menyebabkan kematian 0.8 juta jiwa. Suplementasi seng dikatakan menurunkan episode diare, memperbaiki pervalensi dan resiko diare berkepanjangan serta menunjukkan penurunan insiden diare persisten. WHO dan UNICEF menandatangani kebijakan bersama pemberian seng dalam tata laksana diare.

Kata-kata kunci: Peran, Seng (ZinC), sistem imun

ABSTRACT

ZinC  is an essential trace element involved in the functioning of over 300 enzymes and proteins in the human body. Seng plays a role in a broad metabolic functions of DNA transcription, protein synthesis, catalytic enzymes, hormone receptors, and stabilization of cell membranes. Biological role of seng is always in the form of bivalent cations and did not experience a reduction and oxygenation under physiological conditions, so that ZinC is a stable component of protein complexes. ZinC  plays an important role for immune function. Trial of ZinC deficiency can affect immunity has been done in humans or animals. ZinC plays an important role to increase the immune system. ZinC is an important mediator of host defense mechanisms against infection. Severe ZinC deficiency can result in damage to epidermal cells resulting in a typical skin lesions known as enteropathic acrodermatitis, limiting damage to the lining of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract. Additionally deficiency can affect non-specific immune mediators. ZinC deficiency is associated with morbidity of diarrhea, respiratory infections and malaria as well as causing the death of 0.8 million people. ZinC supplementation is said to reduce episodes of diarrhea, improved pervalensi and risk of prolonged diarrhea and showed a decrease in the incidence of persistent diarrhea. WHO and UNICEF signed a joint policy of giving ZinC in diarrhea.

Keywords: Role, ZinC, immune system

Alamat korespondensi: Jl. Prof Dr Moestopo 8C Surabaya, telp.031-5038487