PENGARUH RELAKSASI OTOT PROGRESIF TERHADAP MUAL- MUNTAH DAN FUNGSI EMOSIONAL KLIEN KANKER PAYUDARA

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Mual-muntah dan penurunan fungsi emosional merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada wanita dengan kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi. Relaksasi otot progresif (PMR) merupakan metode murah dan bisa dilakukan sendiri oleh klien untuk mengurangi mual-muntah, kecemasan serta depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek PMR terhadap mual-muntah dan fungsi emosional wanita dengan kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi adjuvan. Desain penelitian adalah pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test., Sampel penelitian adalah sebagian klien kanker payudara yang mendapat terapi adjuvan kemoterapi di Poli Bedah RSU Wahidin Sudiro Husodo Kota Mojokerto yang diambil menggunakan konsekutif sampling sebanyak 15 orang. Partisipan melaksanakan PMR 2 kali sehari selama 12 hari. Hari pertama dan ketiga belas data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner EORTC QLQ-30. Hasil menunjukkan perbaikan signifikan (p<0,005)  pada rerata mual-muntah dan fungsi emosional. PMR menurunkan mual-muntah melalui distraksi dan menurunkan sensitifitas Chemoreseptor triger zone (CTZ). Peningkatan fungsi emosional karena PMR menstimuli keadaan rileks, meningkatkan konsentrasi dan kontrol terhadap diri sendiri serta menurunkan berbagai efek samping kemoterapi. PMR menurunkan mual-muntah serta meningkatkan fungsi emosional wanita dengan kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi adjuvan.

Kata-Kata Kunci: Mual-muntah, Fungsi emosional, Relaksasi otot progresif, Kemoterapi

ABSTRACT

Nausea-vomiting and emotional function disturbance are side effects from adjuvan chemotherapy in breast cancer women. Emotional function disturbance most likely result from nausea-vomiting because its serious and painful, and mental strategies to cope with their illness. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is cost effective and self help methods promoting mental health. This study was performed to examine effect of PMR on nausea-vomiting and emotional function in breast cancer women undergoing adjuvan chemotherapy. The study was pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design. It was conducted among 15 partisipans who met the ctriteria for inclusion in the study with consecutive sampling.This study was performed in surgical outpatient of RSU Wahidin Sudiro Husodo Kota Mojokerto. The participants were practiced PMR twice a day for 12 days. First day and day of thirteenth EORTC QLQ-30 version 3.0 questionnaires used to collected data. After data analysis, average range of all obtained EORTC QLQ-30 nause-vomiting symptom scales and emotional function improved significantly (p<0,001). PMR reduced nause-vomiting by diverting clients attention from the distressing chemotherapy side effect to change in mucsle tension and decreased the sensitivity of Chemoreseptor triger zone (CTZ).  Emotional function improved because PMR increased pleaseant mental state, improved concentration and  the  feeling of  self-control, and  reduced other chemotherapy side effect. PMR reduced nausea-vomiting and improve emotional function in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvan chemotherapy.

Keywords:    Nausea-Vomiting, Emotional Function, Adjuvan chemotherapy, progressive muscle relaxation