FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HIPERTENSI INTRADIALITIK PADA KLIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI TERAPI HEMODIALISIS DI RSI JEMURSARI SURABAYA
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Hipertensi intradialitik (HI) merupakan salah satu komplikasi terbanyak yang dialami oleh klien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis. Faktor usia, Interdyalitic Weight Gain (IDWG), jenis kelamin, lama menjalani hemodialisis, Ureum Reduction Ratio (URR), jumlah obat anti hipertensi, diabetes melitus berkaitan dengan kejadian komplikasi HI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi komplikasi HI pada klien gagal ginjal kronik yang yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis di unit hemodialisis RSI Jemursari Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. 78 klien yang memenuhi syarat dipilih secara aksidental sampling. Variabel independent adalah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi komplikasi hipertensi intradialitik dan variabel dependent adalah hipertensi intradialitik. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode observasi pada klien sebagai data primer. Peneliti juga menggunakan catatan rekam medis sebagai data sekunder, dan melakukan pengkajian meliputi observasi. Analisis deskriptif menggunakan tabel frekuensi terdiri dari kolom yang memuat frekuensi setiap kategori faktor yang mempengaruhi komplikasi hipertensi intradialitik pada klien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klien gagal ginjal kronik sebagian besar (74%) tidak terjadi hipertensi intradialitik, dan hampir setengahnya (26%) terjadi hipertensi intradialitik. Kejadian hipertensi intradialitik lebih banyak terjadi pada klien berusia <60 tahun, memiliki IDWG > 3 %, menjalani hemodialisis > 12 bulan, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, mengkonsumsi > 2 golongan obat anti hipertensi, memiliki riwayat diabetes melitus. Disarankan pada klien membatasi asupan cairan dan membatasi konsumsi garam agar tidak terjadi kenaikan berat badan secara berlebih.
Kata kunci : Hipertensi intradialitik, usia, IDWG, diabetes melitus, jenis kelamin, jumlah obat
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE INTRADIALITIC HYPERTENSION IN CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE CLIENTS WHICH UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS THERAPY IN RSI JEMURSARI SURABAYA
ABSTRACT
Intradialytic hypertension (HI) is one of the most complications experienced by clients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis therapy. Factors of age, Interdyalitic Weight Gain (IDWG), gender, length of undergoing hemodialysis, Ureum Reduction Ratio (URR), number of anti-hypertensive drugs, diabetes mellitus were associated with the incidence of HI complications. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the complications of HI in chronic renal failure clients undergoing hemodialysis therapy at the hemodialysis unit of RSI Jemursari Surabaya. This research uses a descriptive method. The 78 eligible clients were selected by accidental sampling. The independent variable is the factors that affect the complications of intradialytic hypertension and the dependent variable is intradialytic hypertension. The research data were collected using the method of observation on the client as primary data. Researchers also used medical records as secondary data, and conducted an assessment including observation. Descriptive analysis using a frequency table consisting of a column containing the frequency of each factor category that affects complications of intradialytic hypertension in chronic renal failure clients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. The results showed that most of the chronic renal failure clients (74%) had no intradialytic hypertension, and almost half (26%) had intradialytic hypertension. The incidence of intradialytic hypertension is more common in clients aged <60 years, has IDWG> 3%, undergoes hemodialysis> 12 months, is male, takes> 2 classes of anti-hypertensive drugs, has a history of diabetes mellitus. It is advisable for clients to limit fluid intake and limit salt consumption to prevent excessive weight gain.
Key words: Intradialytic hypertension, age, IDWG, diabetes mellitus, gender, amount of drug
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